Computer history
Computer history started since time immemorial. Since ancient times, the data processing has been performed by humans. Humans also find tools for mechanics and electronics to help human beings in the calculation and data processing in order to get results faster. Computers that we encounter today is a long evolution of human inventions from time immemorial in the form of mechanical or electronic devices. Development of information technology make computer faster and more faster.Today computers and supporting devices have been included in every aspect of life and work. Existing computer now has a greater ability than ordinarymathematics calculations. Among them is a computer system at the counter is able to read the code of supermarket shopping goods, the central telephone that handles millions of calls and communications, computer network and the Internet that connects various places in the world. Classification based computer generation will be discussed in detail in this article.
The begining of computer history
Abacus, which emerged about 5000 years ago in Asia Minor and is still used in some places today, can be regarded as the beginning of computing machines.This tool allows users to perform calculations using sliding beads arranged on a shelf. The merchants in those days using the abacus to calculate trade transactions. Along with the emergence of a pencil and paper, especially in Europe, the abacus lost its importance.First Generation Computers
With the onset of the Second World War, the countries involved in the war sought to develop computers to exploit their potential strategic computer. It is very difficult to know assemble computer step by step, This increased funding for computer development projects hastened technical progress. Another feature is the use of first generation computer vacuum tube (which makesthe computer at that time are very large) nd magnetic cylinders for the storage of data. In this first generation of computer history, how to use computer is very difficult. So the next generation computer must easy to use.Second Generation Computers
In 1948, the invention of the transistor greatly influenced the development ofcomputers. The transistor replaced the vacuum tube in televisions, radios, and computers. As a result, the size of electric machines is reduced drastically.In the early 1960s, began to appear successful second generation computers in business, in universities and in government. The second generation of computersis a computer which used transistors. They also have components that can be associated with the computer at this time: a printer, storage disks, memory, operating system, and programs.
Third Generation Computers
Computer history in this era is very interesting. Although the transistors in many respects the vacuum tube, but transistors generate substantial heat, which could potentially damage the internal parts of a computer. Quartz stone eliminate this problem. Jack Kilby, an engineer at Texas Instruments, developed the integrated circuit (IC: integrated circuit) in 1958. IC combined three electronic components onto a tiny silicon disc made of quartz sand. Scientists later managed to fit more components into a chiptunggal called a semiconductor. The result, computers became ever smaller as more components can be squeezed onto the chip. Other third-generation development is the use of an operating system that allows the engine to run many different programs at once with a central program that monitored and coordinated the computer's memory. We could easy know how to check computer memory in this generation.
Fourth Generation Computers
After IC, the only place to go was down the size of circuits and electrical components. Large Scale Integration (LSI) could fit hundreds of components on a chip. In the 1980's, the Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) contains thousands of components in a single chip.
At the present time, we know the journey with the use of IBM compatible CPU: IBM PC/486, Pentium, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium IV (series of CPUs made by Intel). Also we know AMD K6, Athlon, etc.. This is all included in the class of fourth-generation computers.There are many ways how to speed up PC in this era.
Along with the proliferation of computer usage in the workplace, new ways to explore the potential to be developed. Along with the increased strength of a small computer, the computer that computer can be connected together in a network to share a memory, software, information, and also to be able to communicate with each other. Computer networks allow computers to form a single electronic collaboration to complete an assignment process. By using direct cabling (also called local area network, LAN), or telephone cable, the network can be very large.
Fifth Generation Computer
Defining the fifth generation computer becomes quite difficult because this stage is still very young. Examples are the fifth generation computer imaginative fictional HAL9000 computer from the novel by Arthur C. Clarke titled 2001: Space Odyssey. HAL could have enough reason to have conversations with humans, using visual feedback, and learn from his own experience. in this era the computer tutorial is very easy to found, users could know how to shutdown computer easily and find all computer tutorial like how to make computer crash easily.
Although it may be the realization of the HAL9000 is still far from reality, many of the functions that had been established. Some computers can receive verbal instructions and are able to mimic human reasoning. The ability to translate a foreign language also becomes possible. This facility looks simple. However, such facilities become much more complicated than expected when programmers realized that human understanding relies heavily on context and meaning rather than just translate the words directly.
Many advances in the field of computer design and technology increasingly allows the manufacture of fifth generation computers.Two engineering advances which are mainly parallel processing capabilities, which will replace the non-Neumann model. Non Neumann model will be replaced with a system that is able to coordinate many CPUs to work in unison Other progress is superconductor technology that enables the flow of electrically without any obstacles, which in turn can accelerate the speed of information.
Computer development so fast, it is very interesting to be followed. Japan is a country well known in the jargon of socialization and the fifth generation computer project. Institute ICOT (Institute for New Computer Technology) was also formed to make it happen. Many news stating that the project has failed, but some other information that the success of this fifth generation computer project will bring new changes in the computerized world paradigm. We wait for which information is more valid and fruitful.
Computer History is so nice to be a topic until now, because with the computer helps us in a very good job etc.. Hopefully this article can be useful for those whoread it and you can add insight on the computer history.
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